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By: L. Achmed, M.B.A., M.B.B.S., M.H.S.

Professor, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University

We all agree that scholarly work must be rigorously credited and reviewed; we will do this without anyone requiring it of us treatment lyme disease clofazimine 100 mg online. In my own eld medicine prescription generic clofazimine 50mg amex, and I think Bagnall would agree in papyrology medications elderly should not take buy cheap clofazimine online, it should be absolutely mandatory for any funded project creating digital images or text transcripts of original materials to make these available to others under the Creative Commons Attribution Share-alike license symptoms 3 days before period cheap clofazimine 50 mg without a prescription, or similar. Further, following our third rule: make available means make available the base materials and metadata to all, so that others can build their own interfaces. One could add a further rule: that this availability should be built on a credibly sustainable infrastructure, such as an institutionally maintained digital repository. Up to now, funding agencies have been rather forgiving in their acceptance of assurances of open access and continued availability. Most of the time, they accept availability of some view of the data on some free-to-all website somewhere, together with an institutional declaration that the website will continue to be maintained, as sucient. According to the rules I outline in this paper, this is not enough, nor even near enough. What I outline here for the humanities is already standard practice in some other disciplines. There is worka great deal of workto be done on metadata standards, which is still the Wild West of our discipline. Second, one could object that funding agencies never provide, and can never provide, sucient funding to meet the full cost both of digitization and of providing access for perpetuity. Accordingly, we need to withhold open access as I have outlined it for at least part of the digital materials we make, so that we can sustain access by charging for exclusive access to key materials. Open access and availability as I have outlined it will undermine this and destroy the business model. Large resource-holding institutions (some of them publicly funded bodies) have been eager to promote this argument, and the funding agencies have been, in my view, too ready to accept it. Let the funding agencies, for a period at least, mandate that funding for digital projects must follow the open-access model I here outline. There will certainly be many institutions which can work to the conditions I outline. When funding starts to ow to these institutions, other institutions will revise their viewpoint. Third, most substantively: I am proposing, across the whole humanities, a shift to a model of access that has (so far as I know) not been implemented fully in even one projectnot even, yet, in any of my own. Also, large-scale web-based systems for searching the billions of metadata records we will have are comparatively new. We have the data, but it is not smart enough yet for the tools to nd it, and it is too often locked away. Finally, I do not propose the nuclear option: that funding agencies and other bodies should instantly mandate that all projects henceforward should follow these rules. I see now that my response is much longer than the paper to which it is responding. If my paper can help us learn from the best Bagnall and the papyrologists can teach us, it will have served its purpose. If the conference participants can take something from this forward into their own work, the conference will have served its purpose. In the past year the project has passed a critical milestone by making its rst collections public. We have created a means of sustaining the project but are constantly re-evaluating its viability, stretching its boundaries, and examining the landscape in which it must compete. Mellon Foundation with signicant contributions from Indiana University and the University of Michigan, the Project has been developed through the joint eorts of ethnographic scholars, archivists, librarians, technologists, and legal experts. These eorts are by necessity collaborative and have reached across disciplines and institutional domains. From a disciplinary point of view, we are working with scholars in the elds of ethnomusicology, folklore, anthropology, and dance ethnology, and are dependent on experts in the elds of archiving, library science, copyright law, video technology, and software development. From a systems development point of view, we have tried to build a platform that addresses general preservation and publication needs and to create tools that can be used by a variety of disciplines and professions. In many ways this project has underscored the interconnections that have long been part of the scholarly endeavorscholars need primary sources and the tools to nd them, they need to extend the boundaries of their discipline, and they need to master the technologies they use to generate and disseminate knowledge and media.

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A full and true relation of an English vessel newly taken by a company of French pyrats medicine journal purchase clofazimine with a mastercard. A further accompt of the progresse of the Gospel amongst the Indians in New-England symptoms 32 weeks pregnant generic clofazimine 100 mg line, and of the means used eectually to advance the same symptoms 2 discount clofazimine 50mg with mastercard. A godly boke wherein is contayned certayne fruitefull medicine z pack order clofazimine 100mg line, godlye, and necessarye rules, to bee exercised [et] put in practise by all Christes souldiers lyuynge in the campe of this worlde. A health to the gentlemanly profession of seruingmen, or, the seruingmans comforts. A iournall or daily register of all those warlike atchieuements which happened in the A ioynt attestation, avowing that the discipline of the Church of England was not siege of Berghen-up-Zoome in the Low-countries. A iustication or cleering of the Prince of Orendge agaynst the false sclaunders, wherewith his ilwillers goe about to charge him wrongfully. A lamentable ditty composed vpon the death of Robert Lord Devereux, late earle of Available for free at Connexions <cnx. A letter from the Commissioners of the Kingdom of Scotland residing here at London to William Lenthall Esq. A letter sent from the Lord Goring directed to the Lord Maior, aldermen, and commonalty of the city of London, and what was agreed upon, at the receipt thereof. A letter to a member of Parliament, shewing, that a restraint on the press is inconsistent with the Protestant religion, and dangerous to the liberties of the nation. A Letter, or paper, signed by Garald Fitz-gerald in behalf of an assembly of the Irish at Glanmaliroe in the province of Leinster in Ireland, to the commissioners of Parliament delivered the 11. A list of the colonels as also of the severall counties out of which they are to raise their men. A manifest detection of the moste vyle and detestable vse of diceplay, and other practises lyke the same. A memorial of suche princes, as since the tyme of king Richard the seconde, haue been vnfortunate in the realme of England. A merry dialogue betwixt a married man and his wife, concerning the aaires of this carefull life. A message from both houses of Parliament, sent to the King and Queenes Majesties, touching certain letters lately intercepted, and, as it may be conjectured, sent from the Lord Digby, to the Queens Majestie. A Modest vindication of Oliver Cromwell from the unjust accusations of LieutenantGeneral Ludlow in his Memoirs. A most notable and worthy example of an vngratious sonne, who in the pride of his hart denied his owne father. A most pleasant comedie of Mucedorus the kings sonne of Valentia and Amadine the Kings daughter of Arragon. A Letter to a member of Parliament, shewing the necessity of regulating the press. A most wonderful and sad judgment of God upon one Dorothy Mattley, late of Ashover in the county of Darby, within fourteen miles of the said town of Darby. A myrror for Martinists, and all other schismatiques, which in these dangerous daies doe breake the godlie vnitie, and disturbe the Christian peace of the Church. A new ballad, containing a communication between the carefull wife, and the comfortable husb[and] touching the common cares and charges of house-hold. A New ballad, intituled, the battell of Agen-Court, in France, betweene the English-men and Frenchmen. A New merry ballad I haue here to shew, come pence a peece for them, I tell you but so. A particular declaration or testimony, of the vndutifull and traiterous aection borne against her Maiestie. A petition of the major, aldermen, and common-councell of the citie of London, to His Majestie. A pleasant comedie, called the tvvo merry milke-maids, or, the best words weare the garland. A pleasant new ballad to sing both euen and morne, of the bloody murther of Sir John Barley-corne.

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Rather treatments for depression buy clofazimine 50 mg with visa, Office personnel must determine if the assertion of utility is credible medicine recall cheap clofazimine 100mg. If that burden is met medicine 72 50 mg clofazimine mastercard, the burden of coming forward with evidence or argument shifts to the applicant medications known to cause seizures purchase 50 mg clofazimine otc. If examination at the initial stage does not produce a prima facie case of unpatentability, then without more the applicant is entitled to grant of the patent. Any rejection based on lack of utility should include a detailed explanation why the claimed invention has no specific and substantial credible utility. Whenever possible, the examiner should provide documentary evidence regardless of publication date. Where the asserted utility is not specific or substantial, a prima facie showing must establish that it is more likely than not that a person of ordinary skill in the art would not consider that any utility asserted by the applicant would be specific and substantial. The prima facie showing must contain the following elements: (A) An explanation that clearly sets forth the reasoning used in concluding that the asserted utility for the claimed invention is neither both specific and substantial nor well-established; (B) Support for factual findings relied upon in reaching this conclusion; and (C) An evaluation of all relevant evidence of record, including utilities taught in the closest prior art. Where the asserted specific and substantial utility is not credible, a prima facie showing of no specific and substantial credible utility must establish that it is more likely than not that a person skilled in the art would not consider credible any specific and substantial utility asserted by the applicant for the claimed invention. The prima facie showing must contain the following elements: (A) An explanation that clearly sets forth the reasoning used in concluding that the asserted specific and substantial utility is not credible; (B) Support for factual findings relied upon in reaching this conclusion; and (C) An evaluation of all relevant evidence of record, including utilities taught in the closest prior art. Where no specific and substantial utility is disclosed or is well-established, a prima facie showing of no specific and substantial utility need only establish that applicant has not asserted a utility and that, on the record before the examiner, there is no known well-established utility. It is imperative that Office personnel use specificity in setting forth and initial rejection under 35 U. By using specificity, the applicant will be able to identify the assumptions made by the Office in setting forth the rejection and will be able to address those assumptions properly. Specifically, because the claimed invention is not supported by either a [5] asserted utility or a well established utility for the reasons set forth above, one skilled in the art clearly would not know how to use the claimed invention. Where the specification would not enable one skilled in the art to make the claimed invention, or where alternative reasons support the enablement rejection, a separate rejection under 35 U. Format C: For claims that have multiple utilities, some of which are not specific and substantial, some of which are not credible, but none of which are specific, substantial and credible: (a) Insert the same claim numbers in brackets 1 and 4. In appropriate situations the Office may require an applicant to substantiate an asserted utility for a claimed invention. In In re Citron, the court held that when an "alleged utility appears to be incredible in the light of the knowledge of the art, or factually misleading, applicant must establish the asserted utility by acceptable proof. The court thus established a higher burden on the applicant where the statement of use is incredible or misleading. In such a case, the examiner should challenge the use and require sufficient evidence of Rev. The purpose of this authority is to enable an applicant to cure an otherwise defective factual basis for the operability of an invention. Requests for additional evidence should be imposed rarely, and only if necessary to support the scientific credibility of the asserted utility. In Brana, the court pointed out that the purpose of treating cancer with chemical compounds does not suggest, per se, an incredible utility. Where the prior art disclosed "structurally similar compounds to those claimed by applicants which have been proven in vivo to be effective as chemotherapeutic agents against various tumor models. As courts have stated, "it is clearly improper for the examiner to make a demand for further test data, which as evidence would be essentially redundant and would seem to serve for nothing except perhaps to unduly burden the applicant. If that burden is met, the burden of coming forward with evidence or argument shifts to the applicant. After evidence or argument is submitted by the applicant in response, patentability is determined on the totality of the record, by a preponderance of evidence with due consideration to persuasiveness of argument. New evidence provided by an applicant must be relevant to the issues raised in the rejection. For example, declarations in which conclusions are set forth without establishing a nexus between those conclusions and the supporting evidence, or which merely express opinions, may be of limited probative value with regard to rebutting a prima facie case. If the applicant responds to the prima facie rejection, Office personnel should review the original disclosure, any evidence relied upon in establishing the prima facie showing, any claim amendments, and any new reasoning or evidence provided by the applicant in support of an asserted specific and substantial credible utility. Only where the totality of the record continues to show that the asserted utility is not specific, substantial, and credible should a rejection based on lack of utility be maintained. If the record as a whole would make it more likely than not that the asserted utility for the claimed invention would be considered credible by a person of ordinary skill in the art, the Office cannot maintain the rejection.

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Similarly medicine and manicures buy clofazimine 100 mg low price, men rated higher in generativity at midlife were associated with stronger global cognitive functioning treatment neuropathy cheap 50 mg clofazimine amex. Erikson (1982) indicated that at the end of this demanding stage medications nursing purchase clofazimine with a mastercard, individuals may withdraw as generativity is no longer expected in late adulthood internal medicine trusted clofazimine 50mg. In addition, 15% of middle-aged adults are providing financial support to an older parent while raising or supporting their own children (see Figure 8. According to the same survey, almost half (48%) of middle-aged adults, have supported their adult children in the past year, and 27% are the primary source of support for their grown children. Seventy-one percent of the sandwich generation is age 40-59, 19% were younger than 40, and 10% were 60 or older. Hispanics are more likely to find themselves supporting two generations; 31% have parents 65 or older and a dependent child, compared with 24% of whites and 21% of blacks (Parker & Patten, 2013). Women are more likely to take on the role of care provider for older parents in the U. About 20% of women say they have helped with personal care, such as getting dressed or bathing, of aging parents in the past year, compared with 8% of men in the U. In contrast, in Italy men are just as likely (25%) as women (26%) to have provided personal care. The Pew survey found that almost 33% of the sandwich-generation adults were more likely to say they always feel rushed, while only 23% of other adults said this. However, the survey suggests that those who were supporting both parents and children reported being just as happy as those middle-aged adults who did not find themselves in the sandwich generation (Parker & Patten, 2013). Adults who are supporting both parents and children did report greater financial strain (see Figure 8. Only 28% reported that they were living comfortably versus 41% of those who were not also supporting their parents. Almost 33% were just making ends meet, compared with 17% of those who did not have the additional financial burden of aging parents. In all families there is a person or persons who keep the family connected and who promote solidarity and continuity in the family (Brown & DeRycke, 2010). Brown and DeRycke also found that among young adults, women were more likely to be a kinkeeper than were young adult men. Kinkeeping can be a source of distress when it interferes with other obligations (Gerstel & Gallagher, 1993). Gerstel and Gallagher found that on average, kinkeepers provide almost a full week of work each month to kinkeeping (almost 34 hours). They also found that the more activities the kinkeeper took on, and the more kin they helped the more stress and higher the levels of depression a kinkeeper experienced. However, unlike other studies on kinkeeping, Gerstel and Gallagher also included a number of activities that would be considered more "caregiving," such as providing transportation, making repairs, providing meals, etc. Empty nest: the empty nest, or post-parental period refers to the time period when children are grown up and have left home (Dennerstein, Dudley & Guthrie, 2002). This time is recognized as a "normative event" as parents are aware that their children will become adults and eventually leave home (Mitchell & Lovegreen, 2009). The empty nest creates complex emotions, both positive and negative, for many parents. Some theorists suggest this is a time of role loss for parents, others suggest it is one of role strain relief (Bouchard, 2013). The role loss hypothesis predicts that when people lose an important role in their life they experience a decrease in emotional well-being. It is from this perspective that the concept of the empty nest syndrome emerged, which refers to great emotional distress experienced by parents, typically mothers, after children have left home. The empty nest syndrome is linked to the absence of alternative roles for the parent in which they could establish their identity (Borland, 1982). In contrast, the role stress relief hypothesis suggests that the empty nest period should lead to more positive changes for parents, as the responsibility of raising children has been lifted. Most studies have reported that martial satisfaction often increases during the launching phase of the empty nest period, and that this satisfaction endures long after the last child has left home (Gorchoff, John, & Helson, 2008). However, most of the research on the post-parental period has been with American parents.

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